Ancient Egyptian rulers, known as pharaohs, were considered both political leaders and divine figures. They held immense power and were believed to be the intermediaries between the gods and the people. Each pharaoh's reign was marked by significant achievements, such as the construction of grand monuments like the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx, which showcased their authority and devotion to the gods. The role of a pharaoh included maintaining Ma'at, the ancient Egyptian concept of truth and order. They were responsible for the welfare of their people, overseeing agriculture, trade, and military endeavors. Famous pharaohs like Tutankhamun and Ramses II left lasting legacies that continue to fascinate historians and archaeologists today.