The Alawites are a religious minority primarily found in Syria, where they make up a significant portion of the population. They follow a branch of Shia Islam that incorporates elements from various other faiths, including Christianity and Gnosticism. Their beliefs emphasize the importance of spiritual knowledge and the role of religious leaders. Historically, the Alawites have faced persecution and discrimination, but they gained political power in the 20th century, particularly under the rule of Bashar al-Assad. This has led to their prominence in Syrian politics and military, especially during the ongoing Syrian Civil War.