Aesculus hippocastanum, commonly known as the horse chestnut, is a large deciduous tree native to the Balkans. It can grow up to 30 meters tall and is recognized for its broad, palmate leaves and large, white flower clusters that bloom in spring. The tree produces spiky green seed capsules containing shiny brown seeds, often referred to as "conkers." This species thrives in temperate climates and is commonly found in parks and gardens across Europe and North America. The seeds are toxic to humans but are sometimes used in traditional medicine. Additionally, the tree provides shade and is valued for its ornamental beauty.