AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an essential enzyme that helps regulate energy balance in cells. It is activated when cellular energy levels are low, such as during exercise or fasting. Once activated, AMPK promotes energy-producing processes, like glucose uptake and fat oxidation, while inhibiting energy-consuming processes, such as lipid synthesis. AMPK plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic health and is linked to various conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. By sensing energy status, AMPK helps cells adapt to changing energy demands, making it a key player in overall energy homeostasis.