Vitriolic acid, commonly known as sulfuric acid, is a highly corrosive and dense liquid. It is a strong acid used in various industrial processes, including the production of fertilizers, petroleum refining, and chemical manufacturing. Its chemical formula is H2SO4, and it is known for its ability to dehydrate substances and react violently with water. This acid is often referred to as "oil of vitriol" due to its historical production from vitriol, a term for sulfate minerals. Safety precautions are essential when handling vitriolic acid, as it can cause severe burns and damage to materials upon contact.