The term "varna" refers to the four main social classes in ancient Indian society, which are part of the broader caste system. These classes are Brahmins (priests and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and landowners), and Shudras (laborers and service providers). Each varna has specific duties and responsibilities, contributing to the overall functioning of society. Varna is often linked to the concept of dharma, which signifies the moral and ethical duties associated with each class. While the varna system was originally intended to organize society, it has evolved over time and has been subject to criticism for promoting inequality and discrimination, particularly in the context of the untouchables or Dalits.