Uterine polyps are small, benign growths that develop on the inner lining of the uterus. They can vary in size and number, and while many women may not experience symptoms, some may have irregular menstrual bleeding, heavy periods, or spotting between periods. These polyps are often linked to hormonal changes, particularly involving estrogen. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like ultrasound or a hysteroscopy, and treatment options may include monitoring, medication, or surgical removal if they cause significant symptoms or complications.