Thrombocytopenic purpura is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to easy bruising and bleeding. Platelets are essential for blood clotting, and when their levels drop, small blood vessels can leak, causing purple spots or patches on the skin known as purpura. This condition can be caused by various factors, including autoimmune disorders, certain medications, or infections. There are two main types of thrombocytopenic purpura: immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). ITP occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks platelets, while TTP is a more severe condition that involves blood clots forming in small vessels. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, and treatment may include medications or procedures to increase platelet counts.