Thrombocytopenia is a medical condition characterized by a low platelet count in the blood. Platelets are essential for blood clotting, and a deficiency can lead to increased bleeding and bruising. This condition can result from various factors, including bone marrow disorders, certain medications, or autoimmune diseases. Symptoms of thrombocytopenia may include easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, and spontaneous nosebleeds. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure platelet levels. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include medications, blood transfusions, or splenectomy, which is the surgical removal of the spleen.