Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is a blood disorder characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to easy bruising and bleeding. The term "idiopathic" means that the exact cause of the condition is unknown. In ITP, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys platelets, which are essential for blood clotting. Symptoms of ITP can include small purple or red spots on the skin, known as petechiae, and prolonged bleeding from cuts. Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to measure platelet levels and rule out other conditions. Treatment options may vary, including medications or, in severe cases, splenectomy, the surgical removal of the spleen.