Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ) refer to a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint, which connects the jawbone to the skull. These disorders can cause pain, discomfort, and difficulty in moving the jaw. Symptoms may include jaw pain, clicking or popping sounds, and headaches. TMJ disorders can result from various factors, including jaw injuries, teeth grinding, or arthritis. Treatment options often involve pain management, physical therapy, or dental interventions. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct structural issues within the joint.