Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ) refers to a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint, which connects the jawbone to the skull. This joint allows for movements such as chewing and speaking. Symptoms of TMJ can include pain in the jaw, difficulty in moving the jaw, and clicking or popping sounds when opening or closing the mouth. The causes of TMJ can vary and may include jaw injuries, arthritis, or teeth grinding. Treatment options often involve pain relief methods, physical therapy, or dental appliances. In some cases, surgery may be considered if other treatments are ineffective.