"States' rights" refers to the political idea that individual states have the authority to govern themselves and make decisions on certain issues without federal interference. This concept is rooted in the belief that the U.S. Constitution grants states specific powers, allowing them to manage local affairs, such as education and law enforcement, according to their unique needs and values. The debate over states' rights has been significant in American history, particularly during events like the Civil War and the Civil Rights Movement. Proponents argue that states should have the freedom to legislate on matters like marriage laws and environmental regulations, while opponents believe that a strong federal government is necessary to ensure equal rights and protections for all citizens.