State theory is a concept in political science that examines the nature, role, and functions of the state. It seeks to understand how states are formed, how they operate, and their relationship with society. Various theories, such as Marxism and Liberalism, offer different perspectives on the state's purpose and influence on individuals and groups. One key aspect of state theory is the distinction between the state and government. The state refers to the enduring institutions and structures that maintain order, while the government is the temporary group of individuals who manage these institutions. This distinction helps clarify discussions about power, authority, and governance within a society.