A "state of exception" refers to a situation where normal laws and regulations are suspended, often in response to a crisis or emergency. This can occur during natural disasters, wars, or public health emergencies, allowing governments to take extraordinary measures to maintain order and protect citizens. In a state of exception, authorities may impose restrictions on civil liberties, such as freedom of movement or assembly. This concept is often discussed in relation to political theory and can be linked to figures like Carl Schmitt, who explored the implications of such measures on democracy and governance.