Spiral concentrators are devices used in the mining and mineral processing industries to separate particles based on their density. They consist of a spiral-shaped channel that allows heavier materials to settle at the bottom while lighter materials flow over the top. This process is effective for separating valuable minerals from waste material. The design of spiral concentrators promotes a continuous flow of slurry, which is a mixture of water and particles. As the slurry moves down the spiral, centrifugal forces enhance the separation process, making it a cost-effective and efficient method for recovering minerals like gold, tin, and coal.