Soil properties refer to the characteristics that define the quality and behavior of soil. These include texture, which describes the size of soil particles (sand, silt, and clay), and structure, which refers to how these particles are arranged. Other important properties are soil pH, which affects nutrient availability, and organic matter content, which influences soil fertility and water retention. Additionally, soil properties can impact water drainage and aeration. For instance, well-structured soils allow for better water movement and root growth, while compacted soils can hinder these processes. Understanding these properties is essential for effective land management and agriculture.