Social comparisons refer to the process of evaluating oneself in relation to others. People often assess their abilities, achievements, and social status by comparing themselves to peers, friends, or even celebrities. This can influence self-esteem and personal satisfaction, as individuals may feel better or worse about themselves based on these comparisons. There are two main types of social comparisons: upward and downward. Upward comparisons occur when individuals compare themselves to those they perceive as better off, which can inspire motivation but may also lead to feelings of inadequacy. Conversely, downward comparisons involve comparing oneself to those who are worse off, which can boost self-esteem and provide a sense of relief.