Retinoblastoma is a rare type of eye cancer that primarily affects young children, usually under the age of five. It develops in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, and can cause symptoms like a white reflection in the pupil, crossed eyes, or vision problems. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment, which may include surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation. This cancer is often caused by genetic mutations, and in some cases, it can be inherited from a parent. Children with a family history of retinoblastoma are at a higher risk. Regular eye exams can help catch this condition early, improving the chances of successful treatment.