Pediatric cancer refers to cancer that occurs in children and adolescents, typically affecting those aged 0 to 19 years. It is relatively rare compared to adult cancers, with types including leukemia, brain tumors, and neuroblastoma. Early detection and treatment are crucial, as they can significantly improve outcomes. Treatment for pediatric cancer often involves a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and sometimes surgery. Pediatric oncologists specialize in diagnosing and treating these conditions, focusing on minimizing side effects and supporting the child's overall well-being during treatment. Advances in research continue to improve survival rates and quality of life for young patients.