Red yeast rice is a traditional Chinese food product made by fermenting white rice with a specific type of mold called Monascus purpureus. This fermentation process gives the rice a reddish color and is often used in cooking and as a natural food coloring. In addition to its culinary uses, red yeast rice is known for its potential health benefits. It contains compounds called monacolins, which may help lower cholesterol levels. Some people use red yeast rice as a dietary supplement for heart health, but it's important to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement.