A qanat is an ancient underground water management system used primarily in arid regions. It consists of a series of tunnels that transport water from an aquifer to the surface, allowing for irrigation and drinking water supply. This method helps conserve water by minimizing evaporation and is often found in countries like Iran and Afghanistan. The construction of qanats involves digging a sloped tunnel that leads to the water source, with vertical shafts for ventilation and access. This traditional technique has been used for thousands of years and is recognized for its sustainable approach to water resource management in challenging environments.