Portal hypertension is a medical condition characterized by increased blood pressure in the portal vein, which carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver. This condition often arises due to liver diseases, such as cirrhosis, where scar tissue obstructs normal blood flow. As a result of portal hypertension, complications can occur, including the development of varices, which are enlarged veins that can bleed, and ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent serious health issues related to this condition.