Pomology is the branch of botany that focuses on the study and cultivation of fruit. It involves understanding the growth, development, and classification of fruit-bearing plants, including trees, shrubs, and vines. Pomologists work to improve fruit quality, yield, and disease resistance through research and breeding programs. This field plays a crucial role in agriculture and food production, as it helps ensure a steady supply of fruits like apples, pears, and berries. By studying the environmental factors that affect fruit growth, pomologists contribute to sustainable farming practices and the development of new fruit varieties that meet consumer demands.