Polio, short for poliomyelitis, is a contagious viral disease that primarily affects children. It can lead to paralysis, muscle weakness, and in severe cases, death. The virus spreads through contaminated food and water or direct contact with an infected person. Vaccination has been crucial in reducing polio cases worldwide, making it a rare disease in many countries. The polio vaccine, developed by Jonas Salk in the 1950s, has played a significant role in preventing the disease. Thanks to widespread vaccination efforts, polio has been eradicated in most parts of the world, but it still poses a threat in some regions. Continued vigilance and vaccination are essential to keep polio at bay.