Plant biology is the study of plants, including their structure, function, growth, and reproduction. It explores how plants convert sunlight into energy through a process called photosynthesis, which occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells. Understanding plant biology helps scientists learn about ecosystems, agriculture, and the environment. In addition to photosynthesis, plant biology examines how plants adapt to their surroundings. This includes their ability to absorb water and nutrients through roots and how they reproduce through seeds or spores. Studying these processes is essential for improving crop yields and conserving plant species.