Parmesan cheese is a hard, granular cheese that originates from Italy, specifically the regions of Emilia-Romagna and Lombardy. It is made from cow's milk and is known for its rich, nutty flavor. The cheese is aged for a minimum of 12 months, with some varieties aged for up to 36 months or more, which enhances its taste and texture. This cheese is often grated and used as a topping for various dishes, including pasta, salads, and soups. Parmesan is also a key ingredient in many Italian recipes, contributing depth and umami to the overall flavor profile of the meal.