The olive tree is a small evergreen tree native to the Mediterranean region. It typically grows to a height of 10 to 40 feet and has silvery-green leaves. The tree produces small, oval fruits known as olives, which can be green or black depending on their ripeness. Olive trees are well-adapted to dry climates and can live for hundreds of years. Olives are harvested for their oil, which is a key ingredient in many cuisines and is known for its health benefits. The olive oil industry is significant in countries like Italy, Greece, and Spain, where the cultivation of olive trees is a traditional practice.