Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic disorder that causes tumors to grow on nerves. It is caused by a mutation in the NF1 gene, which is responsible for producing a protein that helps regulate cell growth. People with NF1 may develop benign tumors called neurofibromas, as well as other skin changes, such as café-au-lait spots. Symptoms of NF1 can vary widely among individuals. In addition to tumors and skin changes, some may experience learning disabilities or other neurological issues. Early diagnosis and regular monitoring are important for managing the condition and addressing any complications that may arise.