Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) is a synthetic crystal used primarily as a laser medium. It is created by adding a small amount of neodymium to the crystal structure of yttrium aluminum garnet, which enhances its ability to emit light when stimulated by energy. Nd:YAG lasers are known for their efficiency and versatility, making them popular in various applications, including medical procedures and industrial cutting. The crystal has a high melting point and excellent thermal conductivity, which allows it to operate at high power levels without overheating. Nd:YAG lasers typically emit light at a wavelength of 1064 nanometers, making them effective for a range of uses, from laser engraving to cosmetic treatments.