The term "n型" refers to n-type semiconductors, which are materials that have been doped with elements that provide extra electrons. These additional electrons increase the material's electrical conductivity, making n-type semiconductors essential in various electronic devices. Common dopants for n-type semiconductors include elements like phosphorus or arsenic when added to silicon. In n-type semiconductors, the majority charge carriers are negatively charged electrons, while the minority carriers are holes. This behavior is crucial for the functioning of electronic components such as transistors and diodes, which rely on the movement of these charge carriers to operate effectively.