Phosphorus is a chemical element with the symbol P and atomic number 15. It is a non-metal that plays a crucial role in biological systems, particularly in the formation of DNA and RNA. Phosphorus is essential for life, as it helps in energy transfer through molecules like ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and is a key component of cell membranes. Phosphorus exists in several allotropes, including white, red, and black phosphorus, each with distinct properties. It is commonly found in nature as phosphate minerals and is widely used in fertilizers to promote plant growth. Additionally, phosphorus compounds are used in various industries, including food processing and detergents.