Miltefosine is an oral medication primarily used to treat certain parasitic infections, particularly leishmaniasis. It works by disrupting the cell membranes of the parasites, leading to their death. Originally developed as a cancer treatment, it has been repurposed for its effectiveness against these infections. This drug is significant in regions where leishmaniasis is endemic, as it provides a convenient treatment option compared to traditional therapies that often require injections. Miltefosine is generally well-tolerated, but it can have side effects, including gastrointestinal issues and potential teratogenic effects, making it unsuitable for pregnant women.