Pentavalent Antimonials are a class of medications primarily used to treat certain parasitic infections, particularly leishmaniasis. They work by interfering with the metabolism of the parasites, ultimately leading to their death. These compounds contain antimony in a +5 oxidation state, which is crucial for their therapeutic action. Common examples of pentavalent antimonials include sodium stibogluconate and meglumine antimoniate. While effective, these medications can have side effects, such as pain at the injection site and potential toxicity to the liver and kidneys. Therefore, their use is typically monitored by healthcare professionals.