Mental incapacity refers to a condition where an individual is unable to make informed decisions or understand the consequences of their actions due to cognitive impairments. This can result from various factors, including mental illnesses, developmental disorders, or brain injuries. It affects a person's ability to think clearly, reason, or communicate effectively. Legal systems often recognize mental incapacity when determining an individual's ability to enter into contracts or make legal decisions. In such cases, a guardian or conservator may be appointed to manage the person's affairs, ensuring their rights and interests are protected while considering their well-being.