Cognitive impairment refers to difficulties with mental processes such as thinking, learning, and remembering. It can affect a person's ability to perform everyday tasks, make decisions, and communicate effectively. This condition can arise from various factors, including aging, brain injuries, or diseases like Alzheimer's disease. People with cognitive impairment may struggle with attention, problem-solving, and understanding information. It can be temporary or permanent, depending on the cause. Early diagnosis and support, such as therapy or medication, can help improve quality of life and maintain independence for those affected by cognitive challenges.