Materials science is the study of different materials and how their properties affect their use in various applications. It combines principles from physics, chemistry, and engineering to understand how materials behave under different conditions. This field helps in developing new materials, such as metals, polymers, and ceramics, which can be used in everything from electronics to construction. Researchers in materials science explore how the structure of materials at the atomic or molecular level influences their characteristics, like strength, flexibility, and conductivity. By manipulating these properties, scientists can create innovative solutions for challenges in industries like medicine, energy, and transportation.