Nanomaterials are tiny materials that have unique properties because of their small size, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. At this scale, materials can behave differently than they do in larger forms. For example, gold nanoparticles can appear red or purple instead of the usual yellow color, and they can be used in applications like medicine for targeted drug delivery. These materials are used in various fields, including electronics, energy, and environmental science. In electronics, nanomaterials can improve the performance of devices, while in energy, they can enhance the efficiency of solar cells. Their small size and large surface area make them valuable for many innovative technologies.