Madenler, or minerals, are naturally occurring inorganic substances found in the Earth's crust. They are solid, have a definite chemical composition, and are formed through geological processes. Common examples of madenler include quartz, feldspar, and mica, which are essential for various industrial applications. Madenler are classified into two main categories: metallic and non-metallic. Metallic madenler, such as gold and copper, are valuable for their conductivity and strength, while non-metallic madenler, like calcite and gypsum, are often used in construction and manufacturing. Understanding madenler is crucial for resource management and environmental sustainability.