A macrocycle is a long-term training plan typically spanning several months to a year. It is designed to help athletes achieve specific performance goals, such as preparing for a competition or improving overall fitness. The macrocycle is divided into smaller phases, including preparation, competition, and transition, allowing for structured progression and recovery. Within a macrocycle, each phase focuses on different training objectives and intensities. For example, the preparation phase may emphasize building strength and endurance, while the competition phase focuses on peak performance. This systematic approach helps athletes like sprinters or marathon runners optimize their training and avoid burnout.