Lower secondary education typically refers to the stage of schooling that follows primary education and precedes upper secondary education. It usually includes students aged 11 to 15 years and focuses on a broad curriculum that covers subjects such as mathematics, science, language arts, and social studies. This level aims to build foundational skills and knowledge necessary for further education or vocational training. In many countries, lower secondary education is often provided in middle schools or junior high schools. It serves as a critical transition period where students develop critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, and social skills. Successful completion of this stage is essential for students to progress to upper secondary education or other educational pathways.