Leper colonies were isolated communities established to care for individuals affected by leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. These colonies emerged in various parts of the world, particularly during the Middle Ages, as a response to the stigma and fear surrounding the disease. People with leprosy were often separated from society to prevent the spread of the illness and to provide them with a supportive environment. In these colonies, residents received medical care and lived together, often in poor conditions. Over time, advancements in medicine led to effective treatments for leprosy, reducing the need for such colonies. Today, many former leper colonies have been transformed into communities that promote inclusion and support for those affected by the disease.