Land deformation refers to the alteration of the Earth's surface due to various natural processes. This can occur from tectonic activities, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, which shift the ground. Other factors include erosion, sediment deposition, and human activities like mining or construction, which can also change the landscape. The effects of land deformation can be significant, leading to changes in land use, habitat loss, and even natural disasters. Monitoring these changes is essential for understanding geological processes and for planning in areas prone to risks, such as those near fault lines or volcanoes.