Impact cratering is a geological process that occurs when a celestial object, such as a meteorite or asteroid, collides with a planet or moon's surface. This collision releases a tremendous amount of energy, creating a crater. The size and shape of the crater depend on the size, speed, and angle of the impacting object. These craters can vary widely, from small pockmarks to large basins like the Chicxulub Crater, which is linked to the extinction of the dinosaurs. Impact craters provide valuable information about the history and evolution of planetary bodies, including Earth, Mars, and the Moon.