Hereditary fructose intolerance is a genetic condition that affects how the body processes fructose, a type of sugar found in many fruits and sweeteners. People with this condition lack an enzyme called aldolase B, which is necessary to break down fructose. When they consume foods containing fructose, it can lead to serious health issues, including abdominal pain, vomiting, and low blood sugar. This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning a person must receive two copies of the faulty gene—one from each parent—to develop the disorder. Diagnosis typically involves genetic testing and dietary management to avoid fructose and related sugars, ensuring a healthier life.