Haloacetic acids are a group of chemical compounds formed when chlorine or other halogens react with organic matter in water. They are commonly found in drinking water as byproducts of the disinfection process, particularly when using chlorine. These acids can pose health risks, as some are classified as potential carcinogens.
The most common haloacetic acids include monochloroacetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, monobromoacetic acid, and dibromoacetic acid. Regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), monitor their levels in drinking water to ensure safety and protect public health.