Grounding electrodes are conductive materials used to connect electrical systems to the earth. They help ensure safety by providing a path for excess electrical energy, such as lightning strikes or power surges, to dissipate into the ground. Common types of grounding electrodes include metal rods, plates, and concrete-encased electrodes. These electrodes are essential for protecting both people and equipment from electrical faults. By grounding electrical systems, they help prevent shock hazards and reduce the risk of fire. Proper installation and maintenance of grounding electrodes are crucial for effective electrical safety in residential and commercial buildings.