Geochemical analysis is a scientific method used to study the chemical composition of natural materials, such as rocks, soil, and water. This process helps scientists understand the distribution of elements and compounds within these materials, providing insights into geological processes and environmental conditions. By employing techniques like mass spectrometry and chromatography, researchers can identify and quantify various substances. This information is crucial for applications in fields like mineral exploration, environmental monitoring, and archaeology, where understanding the chemical makeup can reveal important historical and ecological data.