Genome mapping is the process of determining the location and sequence of genes within an organism's DNA. This technique helps scientists understand the structure and function of genes, which can lead to advancements in fields like medicine and agriculture. By creating a detailed map of an organism's genome, researchers can identify genetic variations that may influence traits or diseases. There are different methods for genome mapping, including physical mapping and genetic mapping. Physical mapping focuses on the actual physical distance between genes, while genetic mapping uses the frequency of recombination between genes to estimate their relative positions. Together, these methods provide valuable insights into the genetic makeup of organisms.