Genetic mapping is a technique used to determine the location of genes on a chromosome. By analyzing the inheritance patterns of traits in organisms, scientists can create a map that shows the relative positions of genes. This helps researchers understand how traits are passed down and can identify genes associated with specific diseases. The process often involves using markers, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), to track genetic variations. Genetic mapping is essential in fields like genomics and medicine, as it aids in discovering the genetic basis of diseases and can guide the development of targeted therapies.